Joseph had one of the most complicated heart conditions his doctors had ever seen. He faced a long and dangerous operation or a heart transplant. Without either, he wouldn’t survive. Opting for surgery, Dr. Petros Anagnostopoulos at the American Family Children’s Hospital prepped like few have ever done. He and his team 3D-printed a copy of Joseph’s heart that they could explore and understand. It was another step forward in the personalization in medicine that could soon transform how doctors diagnose and treat patients.